As the goalkeeper is deliberately delaying the restart of play, the referee does not have to wait for the goalkeeper to have possession of the ball to blow the whistle and signal the start of a five-second countdown. If the goal kick has not been taken by the end of the five seconds, the referee awards a corner kick to the opposing team. The goalkeeper is cautioned (yellow card) and then sent off (red card) only if they excessively delay the restart after the corner kick has been awarded.

The referee blows the whistle, signals with their hand/arm for the goal kick to be taken and counts down the five seconds with a raised hand. If the ball is not in play by the end of the five seconds, the referee awards a corner kick to the opposing team. The goalkeeper is not cautioned, unless they then excessively delay the taking of the corner kick by the opposing team.

The referee blows the whistle, signals with their hand/arm for the throw-in to be taken and counts down the five seconds with a raised hand. If the ball is not in play by the end of the five seconds, the referee awards the throw-in to the opposing team from the same position as the original throw-in. The offending player is not cautioned, unless they then excessively delay the taking of the throw-in by the opposing team.

If the team is deliberately delaying the throw-in, the referee may use their whistle and/or voice to indicate that they should hurry up. To start the five-second countdown (which may start without the above cue), the referee blows the whistle, signals with their hand/arm for the throw-in to be taken and counts down the five seconds with a raised hand. If the ball is not in play by the end of the five seconds, the referee awards the throw-in to the opposing team from the same position as the original throw-in.

The referee plays the advantage and awards the goal. If the defender had denied the opposing team a goal and the referee had awarded a penalty kick for a non-deliberate handball offence, the defender would have been cautioned (yellow card). As the advantage was applied and a goal was scored, there is no disciplinary sanction for the defender.

The referee plays the advantage following a DOGSO offence and, as a result, the attacking team scores, so the goal is awarded, and the goalkeeper is not cautioned or sent off.

A player is cautioned (YC) if they handle the ball:

• to interfere with or stop a promising attack (except where the referee awards a penalty kick for a non-deliberate handball offence)

• in an attempt to score a goal

• and deny the opposing team a goal or an obvious goal-scoring opportunity and the referee awards a penalty kick for a non-deliberate handball offence

A player is sent off (RC) if they deny the opposing team a goal or an obvious goal-scoring opportunity by committing:

• a deliberate handball offence (wherever the offence occurs)

• a non-deliberate handball offence outside their own penalty area

The referee plays the advantage following a DOGSO offence and, as a result, the attacking team scores, so the goal is awarded, and the goalkeeper is not cautioned or sent off.

The referee plays the advantage following a DOGSO offence and, as a result, the attacking team scores, so the goal is awarded, and the goalkeeper is not cautioned or sent off.

The referee plays the advantage following a DOGSO offence and, as a result, the attacking team scores, so the goal is awarded, and the goalkeeper is not cautioned or sent off.

The referee plays the advantage following a DOGSO offence and, as a result, the attacking team scores, so the goal is awarded, and the defender who committed the offence is not cautioned or sent off.

The referee plays the advantage following a DOGSO offence and, as a result, the attacking team scores, so the goal is awarded, and the defender who committed the offence is not cautioned or sent off.

The goal kick is awarded to Team A. As the referee played advantage for a DOGSO offence and no other sending-off (red card) offence was committed (neither serious foul play nor violent conduct), and a goal was not scored, the offending player (Team A) is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour.

No, the defending team player is not cautioned because the referee played the advantage for the SPA offence and the careless tackle does not warrant a yellow card.

The referee allows play to continue. When the ball is next out of play, the defending team player is not cautioned (no yellow card) because the offence was SPA and the referee allowed the free kick to be taken quickly.

The referee awards the goal. Although the deliberate handball offence denied the goal, playing the advantage for this offence allowed the attacking team to score so there is no disciplinary sanction (the defender is not cautioned or sent off).

Since the player has unsuccessfully tried to stop a goal with their hand(s)/arm(s), the referee plays advantage and awards a goal. There is no disciplinary sanction (the defender is not cautioned or sent off).

The referee cautions the defender (yellow card) for the reckless challenge and requires them to leave the field of play for treatment. The defender cannot be on the field when the penalty kick is taken and may only return (with the referee’s permission) one minute after play has restarted.

The referee stops play, awards a direct free kick and cautions (yellow card) the defender for the SPA offence. As the injury results from a physical offence for which the opponent is cautioned, the attacker may stay on the field of play after the assessment/treatment.

The player must leave the field of play within ten seconds of the substitution board being shown, usually at the nearest point on the boundary line. If the time limit is exceeded, the player must still leave as quickly as possible (no caution, unless they excessively delay the restart). Play restarts, but the substitute may only enter with the referee’s permission during the first stoppage after one minute has elapsed following the restart.

The goalkeeper is considered to be in control of the ball with the hand(s)/arm(s) while bouncing it, so this bouncing does not stop or reset the eight-second countdown. Since the goalkeeper controlled the ball longer than the time limit, the referee awards a corner kick to the opposing team, taken from the side closest to the goalkeeper’s position when penalised.

Since the goalkeeper released the ball from their hands within the eight-second limit, there is no offence and play continues. The goalkeeper is no longer in control of the ball with their hands, so any opponent can challenge them for the ball. If the goalkeeper touches it with their hand/arm again before it has touched another player, the referee will award an indirect free kick.

The referee awards a corner kick to the opposing team which is taken from the side closest to the goalkeeper’s position when penalised. No disciplinary action is taken, unless the goalkeeper repeatedly commits the offence (caution, yellow card).

Unless the advantage can be played, the referee stops play and awards the goalkeeper’s team:

• a direct free kick – if the attacker touched the goalkeeper

• an indirect free kick – if no contact was made

The attacker is not cautioned, unless the referee judges that their offence was reckless or stopped/interfered with a promising attack (yellow card).

The eight seconds started when the goalkeeper had control of the ball, not when the goalkeeper stood up. If the referee judged that controlling the ball with the hands/arms took longer than the time limit, the opposing team is awarded a corner kick.

The referee disallows the goal and awards an indirect free kick to the goalkeeper’s team because the goalkeeper cannot be challenged when in control of the ball with their hands, nor prevented from releasing the ball. The attacker is cautioned (yellow card) if they commit this offence persistently (repeatedly), or if it stops or interferes with a promising attack.

There is no offside offence, as the ball was not played or touched by a team-mate of the attacker. The referee therefore awards a penalty kick to Team B. The careless challenge itself does not warrant a caution, unless it denied the attacker an obvious goal-scoring opportunity.

The referee awards an indirect free kick to the attacker’s team because the goalkeeper is not permitted to handle the ball after receiving it directly from a team-mate’s throw-in. Since the handball offence was committed by the goalkeeper inside their penalty area, there is no disciplinary sanction (no card for stopping a promising attack or denying an obvious goal-scoring opportunity).

The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick to the defender’s team. The attacker is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour as the tackle was reckless. The fact that the foul occurred after the ball was played by the defender is irrelevant because the ball was still in play at the time of the offence.

When judging handball offences, only contact between the ball and the hand or the arm below the bottom of the armpit is considered (as defined in Law 12). The shoulder is not part of the arm for handball. It is therefore a part of the body with which a goal can be legitimately scored, so the goal is awarded, whether the use of the shoulder is deliberate or accidental.

Any deliberate handball is penalised with a direct free kick; however, no disciplinary sanction is required because the player’s offence did not stop a promising attack or deny the opposing team an obvious goal-scoring opportunity.

The defender committed two offences listed in Law 12 under ‘Cautions for unsporting behaviour’:

• a direct free kick offence committed in a reckless manner

• a DOGSO offence which was a challenge for the ball and resulted in a penalty kick

When more than one offence occurs at the same time, the referee punishes the more serious offence. As both offences are punishable with a yellow card, a yellow card is shown for the reckless challenge, as its physical severity is more serious than the ‘tactical’ DOGSO offence.

The referee awards a direct free kick to the defender’s team. The attacker’s offence is violent conduct and punished with a sending-off (red card).

The referee cannot apply the advantage because the attacker who gained the ball was offside when it was kicked. Therefore, the referee stops play, awards a direct free kick for the foul (as it occurred before the offside offence), and cautions (yellow card) the defender for unsporting behaviour (SPA offence).

Unless the advantage can be applied, play is stopped and restarted with an indirect free kick for preventing the goalkeeper from releasing the ball from their hands. The attacker is cautioned (yellow card) if their offence is considered by the referee to be persistent (repeated), reckless, or it stops/interferes with a promising attack.

The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick. When two offences are committed at the same time, the more serious offence is punished, so the defender receives a red card for the DOGSO offence rather than a yellow card for the reckless foul.

The referee allows play to continue. The goalkeeper is permitted to handle the ball inside their penalty area because their team-mate did not deliberately kick the ball to the goalkeeper.

Both players are cautioned (shown a yellow card):

• the defender for unsporting behaviour (SPA offence)

• their team-mate for delaying the restart of play

Play is restarted with a direct free kick from the position of the pulling offence.

The referee may stop play and award a direct free kick for the attacker’s team where the pushing offence occurred, even though it was away from the ball and did not have any impact on play. Depending on the force used, the defender is:

• cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour – if the offence was reckless

• sent off (red card) for violent conduct – if excessive force or brutality was used

The free kick must be retaken by Team A because the referee had already started the disciplinary sanction procedure and distracted the players of Team B, so they could not defend Team A’s attack.

The player is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour. The reckless tackle was committed off the field of play when the ball was in play, therefore, play is restarted with a direct free kick on the touchline nearest to where the offence occurred.

The referee stops play and cautions (yellow card) the defender, as the player responsible for initiating a deliberate trick to circumvent Law 12, which clearly states that this unsporting behaviour is penalised whether or not the goalkeeper touches the ball with the hands. Play is restarted with an indirect free kick to the opposing team where the trick occurred.

The defender is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour. A penalty kick cannot be awarded because the reckless pushing offence occurred when the ball was not in play. Therefore, play is restarted with a goal kick to Team B.

The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick to the opposing team for a deliberate handball offence. A caution (yellow card) is not required, unless the referee judges that the player’s action was an attempt to score.

The referee awards a penalty kick to Team B. The defender is sent off (red card) for denying a goal by committing a deliberate handball offence. The goalkeeper is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour but is not sent off because applying advantage restored the obvious goal-scoring opportunity.

The player is shown the yellow card only once, for the SPA offence. As this is their second YC in the match, the player is then shown a red card and sent off. The third YC, for the final cautionable offence (delaying the restart of play), is not shown; however, all three offences must be included by the referee in the post-match disciplinary report.

The player is cautioned (yellow card) for a clear act of dissent by action and then sent off (red card), as this is their second caution in the match. Play is restarted with the free kick to Team B.

The referee awards a penalty kick. The defender is cautioned (yellow card) if the illegal challenge for the ball denied the attacker an obvious goal-scoring opportunity. Law 16 – The Goal Kick requires opponents to be outside the penalty area until the ball is in play, so the attacker has not committed an offence.

The goalkeeper is not permitted to handle the ball inside their penalty area after it has been deliberately kicked to them by a team-mate, even if the attempted pass is inaccurate or unsuccessful. The referee stops play and awards an indirect free kick to the opposing team. No disciplinary sanction is taken against the goalkeeper.

The referee waited a few seconds to allow a possible advantage to develop. As Team A did not benefit from the decision to continue play, the referee returns to the original offence and awards a direct free kick to Team A from the position where the tackle occurred.

Law 10 states that penalties are taken after the match has ended (they are not part of the match and therefore begin after the final whistle). Yellow cards are not carried forward into the penalty shoot-out, so a player who received a YC during normal or extra time and then receives a YC for dissent after the final whistle is not sent off. It is considered their first YC in the penalty shoot-out, and the player may take part in the penalties.

The referee awards a penalty kick. The defender is not cautioned for the SPA offence, as the foul was part of a challenge for the ball punished with the penalty kick, and the careless tackle itself does not warrant a yellow card.

The referee awards a direct free kick or penalty kick. Depending on the exact situation, the defender may be cautioned (yellow card) for blatant pulling as unsporting behaviour or for interfering with or stopping a promising attack.

Provided that the goalkeeper is not fouled, the referee allows play to continue. The unsuccessful attempt to hold the ball is not considered to be releasing the ball, so the goalkeeper may handle the ball a second time before it has touched another player (no indirect free kick offence).

Play is restarted with a goal kick. There is no disciplinary sanction for the defender because, by playing the advantage, the promising attack was restored, and the careless tackle itself does not warrant a caution.

The referee awards a penalty kick for a handball offence because the Team B defender deliberately handled the ball while it was still in play.

The player receiving the dropped ball can dribble or continue playing the ball, with no limit to the number of touches. At the time of the tackle, the ball was in play, so the referee awards a penalty kick. Since the foul was reckless, the defender is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour.

The referee awards a direct free kick to the defending team because the attacking player deliberately handled the ball while it was still in play; the player is not cautioned.

A throw-in is awarded to Team B. The Laws of the Game do not identify the player’s behaviour as a yellow card offence, especially as it cannot be considered delaying the restart of play because the ball was in play when it was kicked. However, the referee must make correct allowance for the time lost when determining the amount of additional time.

The referee awards the goal because the attacker was not acting in a way to prevent the goalkeeper from releasing the ball (they had their back to the goalkeeper).

Referees’ decisions must always be respected and a team captain can be punished for dissent, just like any other player. Therefore, if a captain fails to interact with the referee in a respectful manner, a caution (yellow card) is issued.

The referee disallows the goal and awards an indirect free kick to the goalkeeper’s team, as opponents may not play the ball while the goalkeeper is in the process of releasing it. The attacker is not cautioned unless the action is reckless or stops/interferes with a promising attack, in which case a yellow card is shown.

The referee has the power to show cards during the half-time interval, even if the offence occurs off the field of play. The player is shown a red card for violent conduct, takes no further part in the match, and cannot be replaced. Since the card is shown off the field, the referee must inform both teams and, where appropriate, ensure an announcement is made to the spectators before the second half begins.

The penalty kick is retaken and the defending player is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour.

Allowing the ball to go past the coach is judged differently from a deliberate action to delay the throw-in. There is no requirement in the Laws of the Game for the coach to stop the ball, so no disciplinary sanction can be taken if they fail to do so.

The referee has the authority to take disciplinary action until leaving the field of play. Even though the match has ended, an appropriate card may still be shown if it helps manage the situation or calm the player. Verbal dissent is punished with a caution (yellow card), unless the words are offensive, insulting, or abusive (red card). Regardless of whether the card is shown or not, the referee must report the offence to the appropriate authorities.

The referee allows play to continue. The goalkeeper is permitted to handle the ball because it was not deliberately kicked to the goalkeeper.

The referee has the power to show red and yellow cards from the moment they enter the field at the start of the match. Therefore, a caution (YC) issued between the coin toss and the kick-off is carried into the match, and if they receive a second YC during the match the player is sent off (shown a red card).

The referee awards a direct free kick because the substituted player unfairly interfered with play. The offender is sent off (red card) by being shown two yellow cards, one for re-entering the field of play without the referee’s permission and another for unsporting behaviour (stopping a promising attack).

The goal is awarded because the attacking team had a clear scoring opportunity, and the referee had not yet started the disciplinary sanction procedure. Since the quick free kick restored the previously 'lost' promising attack, the defender does not receive a second caution for the SPA offence.

The assistant coach is shown a red card and sent from the technical area and surrounds of the field of play. The referee does not award a free kick because the offence occurred while the ball was out of play. Play restarts with a throw-in for Team A.

The referee allows play to continue as this was not a deliberate kick to the goalkeeper.

As the goalkeeper clearly attempted to kick the ball, it was not an offence when they handled the ball afterwards. The referee allows play to continue.

The referee awards a penalty kick for a handball offence (unnatural position of the hand/arm). The defender is not cautioned (no yellow card) for the SPA offence because the handball offence was not deliberate.

The referee awards a penalty kick for a handball offence (unnatural position of the hand/arm). The defender is cautioned (yellow card) for denying the opposing team a goal but is not sent off (no red card) because the handball offence was not deliberate.

When the referee awards a penalty kick for a handball DOGSO offence, the player is:

• cautioned (yellow card) for a non-deliberate handball offence

• sent off (red card) for a deliberate handball offence

The player is:

• cautioned (yellow card, YC) – if the offence was an attempt to play the ball or challenge for the ball, or a non-deliberate handball

• sent off (red card, RC) – in all other circumstances (e.g. deliberate handball, holding, pulling, pushing, no possibility to play the ball)

The referee awards a direct free kick (or penalty kick if the offence occurred inside the defender’s penalty area) and cautions the defender (yellow card). The fact that the reckless tackle occurred after the shot was taken is irrelevant because the ball was still in play at the time of the offence.

The defender who took the free kick cannot touch the ball a second time until it has touched another player. The referee awards an indirect free kick to the attacker’s team and takes the appropriate disciplinary sanction:

• caution (yellow card) – if the second touch stopped a promising attack

• sending-off (red card) – if it denied an obvious goal-scoring opportunity
  

The referee allows play to continue. A goalkeeper is not considered to be in control of the ball with their hand(s) if the ball rebounds from the goalkeeper or the goalkeeper has made a save, so they may handle the ball a second time without committing an offence.

The referee applies advantage if allowing play to continue benefits Team A more than retaking the free kick. Depending on the exact circumstances, the referee may decide to caution (yellow card) or warn the offending Team B player when the ball is next out of play.

The referee awards a direct free kick or penalty kick, depending on where the offence occurred. The offending player is:

• sent off (red card) for violent conduct if excessive force or brutality was used; or

• cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour in other cases.

An attempt to deceive the referee by simulating a foul results in a caution (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour. Since the Team A player has already been cautioned, they are shown a second yellow card, followed by a red card, and sent off. If the referee stopped play for this simulation, play restarts with an indirect free kick awarded to Team B at the location of the offence.

According to Law 5, the referee has the power to show cards during the half-time interval. Therefore, the player must be cautioned (yellow card) for dissent. If the card is shown off the field of play, the referee must inform both teams and, where appropriate, ensure that an announcement is made to spectators before the second half begins.

The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick from the position of the shirt-pulling offence. Since two separate cautionable offences have occurred, even though close together, the defender must receive two cautions: one for the reckless challenge and another for SPA. The defender is therefore shown two yellow cards, followed by a red card, and is sent off.

Any deliberate handball by a defending team player inside their penalty area is penalised with a penalty kick. No disciplinary sanction is required as there was no DOGSO nor stopping a promising attack.

This is not a handball offence because the defender did not deliberately handle the ball, and their left hand/arm was close to the body, not making it unnaturally bigger. Play is restarted with a corner kick.

The referee awards a direct free kick to Team B and cautions the defender for the reckless challenge. When two offences are committed at the same time, only one yellow card is shown, as the referee punishes the more serious offence. In this case, the physical, reckless foul is more serious than the tactical offence of stopping a promising attack.

The goalkeeper cannot handle the ball after receiving it directly from a team-mate’s throw-in. In this situation, an indirect free kick is awarded to the attacking team, but there is no disciplinary sanction so the referee does not need to judge if the goalkeeper’s handball offence stopped a promising attack or denied a goal or an obvious goal-scoring opportunity.

The referee stops play, awards a direct free kick to Team B, and sends off the defender. The red card is for ‘violent conduct’, not ‘serious foul play’, because the offender’s action was not part of a challenge for the ball.

The goalkeeper cannot touch the ball with their hand/arm after it was deliberately kicked to them by a team-mate, ‘unless the goalkeeper has clearly kicked or attempted to kick the ball to release it into play’ which did not happen in this situation. Therefore, play is stopped and restarted with an indirect free kick to the attacking team. There is no disciplinary sanction for the goalkeeper.

The opponent was allowed to play the ball before the player for whom the ball was dropped because the required distance was respected until the ball touched the ground. From that moment, the ball was in play and any player could play it (no offence by Team B). Consequently, the referee punishes the pulling offence committed by Team A with a direct free kick and a caution (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour (SPA).

The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick to the attacking team. Although the tackle was ‘only’ careless, the defender is sent off (red card, RC) because the referee punishes the more serious offence (all DOGSO offences committed outside the offender’s penalty area result in a RC). For DOGSO offences it is the tactical impact that is the determining factor not the (physical) seriousness of the offence.

The referee awards a direct free kick to the attacking team and cautions (yellow card) the defender for unsporting behaviour (SPA offence).

Regardless of the position of the hand/arm, this is a handball offence because an attacker cannot score directly into the opponents’ goal with their hand/arm, even if accidental. The referee disallows the goal and awards a direct free kick to the defending team. The attacker is not cautioned (no yellow card) as the handball was accidental and there was no deliberate attempt to score using the hand/arm.

The defender is guilty of ‘serious foul play’ which is a sending-off offence. In this situation, the referee stops play, awards a direct free kick to Team B and shows a red card to the offender. The referee should not apply advantage because Team B does not have a clear goal-scoring opportunity, and the attacker may be seriously injured and require medical attention.

The ball was heading towards the goal, so the referee should have applied advantage. However, as the whistle stopped play before the ball entered the goal, a goal cannot be awarded. In this situation, play is restarted with a penalty kick and the defender is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour (reckless tackle).

The referee applies advantage for the offence committed outside the area and awards a penalty kick for the pulling in the penalty area. The defender is sent off (red card) for DOGSO, as the offence was neither an attempt to play nor a challenge for the ball.

The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick for impeding the attacker with contact. In addition, if the offence:

• is reckless or stops a promising attack – the defender is cautioned (yellow card)

• is using excessive force or denies the attacker an obvious goal-scoring opportunity – the defender is sent off (red card)

The player is sent off from the field of play and its surroundings. A second red card is not shown but the subsequent (verbal) offence must be included in the post-match report. Any additional sanction/suspension resulting from the offensive language will be decided by the appropriate disciplinary body.

The attacker is cautioned (yellow card) for the reckless tackle, even though it occurred after the ball was out of play. However, play is restarted with a corner kick because the referee cannot award a free kick as the ball was outside the field of play at the time of the reckless tackle.

The referee allows play to continue because the defender did not commit a foul while challenging the opponent for the ball.

Not every touch of a player’s hand or arm with the ball is an offence – this also applies to goalkeepers outside their penalty area. In this case, the goalkeeper did not commit a handball offence, so the referee allows play to continue and takes no disciplinary action against the goalkeeper.

If the nearest point to the offence on the boundary line is:

• within the defender’s penalty area, a penalty kick is awarded

• outside the penalty area, a direct free kick is awarded

Regardless of the restart decision, the defender receives the appropriate disciplinary sanction:

• a caution (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour, or

• a sending-off (red card) for violent conduct

The attacker may compete with the goalkeeper for the ball because the goalkeeper is not in control of the ball with their hand(s). If the challenge is not careless, reckless or using excessive force, the referee allows play to continue.

The goalkeeper cannot handle the ball after releasing it and before it has touched another player, so the referee stops play and awards an indirect free kick to the attacking team. However, there is no disciplinary sanction for the goalkeeper.

The referee awards a penalty kick. The defender is cautioned (yellow card) for SPA because their offence was not an attempt to play the ball or a challenge for the ball.

The defender legally shielded the ball from the opponent, so the referee awards a direct free kick to the defender’s team as the holding offence occurred before the striking offence. The attacker may be cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour if the holding was considered blatant/provocative. The defender must be sent off (red card) for violent conduct.

There is no offside offence if a player receives the ball directly from a goal kick, so the referee penalises the defender’s foul and awards a direct free kick for the attacker’s team. The defender is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour (SPA offence).

Both players receive appropriate disciplinary sanctions: 

• Team B player is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour 

• Team A player is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour (if the ball was thrown in a reckless manner) or sent off (red card) for violent conduct (if the thrower used excessive force)

As the throw-in has been taken and the opponent’s offence happened first, play is restarted with an indirect free kick to Team A from the position where the Team B player was standing.

The referee awards a direct free kick or a penalty kick if the offence was committed within the offender’s penalty area. The offending player is sent off (red card, RC) wherever the offence occurred.

The referee awards a penalty kick. The player is cautioned (yellow card, YC) because the offence was an attempt to play the ball.

The goalkeeper is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour (showing a lack of respect for the game/opponent) or for delaying the restart of play.

No. The senior team coach can be sanctioned only for an offence committed by an ‘unidentified offender’ who is in/from the technical area (substitute, substituted player, sent-off player or another team official). If an offence is committed by a player who cannot be identified, the incident should be reported to the appropriate authorities after the match.

The referee awards a penalty kick. The player is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour and not sent off because the DOGSO offence was a challenge for the ball.

The referee awards a penalty kick and sends off (red card) the defender because their DOGSO offence was neither an attempt to play the ball nor a challenge for the ball.

The referee allows play to continue. This action is not an offence as the goalkeeper touched the ball after it had been played by an opponent.

It would be an offence if the goalkeeper dribbles and then touches the ball with the hand/arm after: 

• the ball has been deliberately kicked to the goalkeeper by a team-mate 

• receiving the ball directly from a throw-in taken by a team-mate 

The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick to the attacking team. The goalkeeper is sent off (red card) for denying the opponent an obvious goal-scoring opportunity. The offending team must have a new goalkeeper before play is restarted (a substitute or one of the remaining players on the field of play).

The attacking team is awarded a direct free kick where the defender’s leg made contact with the opponent. DOGSO offences outside the penalty area are punished with a sending-off (red card), even if the foul was an attempt to play the ball or a challenge for the ball.

As there is contact with the opponent, the referee awards a direct free kick and takes appropriate disciplinary action:

• caution (yellow card) if the challenge was reckless

• sending-off (red card) if the player endangered the safety of the opponent/used excessive force

The opponent can be assessed and treated on the field of play and may remain if able to continue.

Law 5 clearly states that the referee has the power to show cards during the half-time interval. The offending player must be shown a red card for violent conduct, be prevented from taking any further part in the match, and cannot be replaced by a substitute. If the red card is not shown on the field of play, the player’s team and the opposing team should be informed and, where appropriate, an announcement made for the spectators before the start of the second half.

The referee awards a penalty kick because the defender re-entered the field without the required permission and interfered with play inside their penalty area. Law 12 states that if this offence denies the opposing team a goal, the player is sent off (direct red card).

The referee does not need to stop play and may warn the coach when the ball is next out of play. If the dissent was clear and/or continual, the coach should be cautioned (yellow card).

The referee allows play to continue, as it is not considered playing in a dangerous manner (no offence).

If the referee had blown a whistle before the ball went out, play is restarted with a dropped ball for the defending team goalkeeper. If the ball was already outside the field of play when the referee whistled, play restarts with a corner kick.

Unless Team A would be disadvantaged by play being stopped, the referee stops play, cautions the coach (yellow card for dissent), and restarts play with an indirect free kick on the touchline nearest to where the verbal offence occurred.

The goalkeeper is shown a yellow card but is not sent off because Law 10 states that cautions (and warnings) issued to players and team officials during the match are not carried forward into penalties (penalty shoot-out). Both cautions are reported to the appropriate authorities.

The decisions of match officials must be respected. Team B player is cautioned (yellow card) and play is restarted with the free kick to Team B where the foul occurred.

The referee awards a goal. The prohibition of scoring from the hand/arm only applies to attacking team players.

The coach receives a second caution (yellow card) and is sent off (red card). As the offence was committed when the ball was out of play, play is restarted according to the previous decision (throw-in for Team A).

The referee disallows the goal, awards an indirect free kick where the offside offence occurred and takes appropriate disciplinary action against the scorer:

• caution (yellow card) – if the player acted in a provocative, derisory or inflammatory way

• sending-off (red card) – if the gesture was offensive, insulting or abusive

The referee disallows the goal and awards a direct free kick to Team A for a handball offence.

The referee allows play to continue. When the ball is next out of play, the player of Team A is cautioned (yellow card) for re-entering the field of play without permission and sanctioned for any further offence(s).

The referee awards an indirect free kick to the attacking team because the goalkeeper cannot touch the ball with the hand/arm after releasing it from the hand(s) and before it has touched another player. As the handball offence occurred inside their penalty area, the goalkeeper is not cautioned (yellow card) for stopping a promising attack or sent off (red card) for denying the opponent an obvious goal-scoring opportunity.

The free kick must be retaken by Team A because the referee started the disciplinary sanction procedure and distracted the players of Team B so they could not defend Team A's attack.

According to Law 1 – The Field of Play, the lines belong to the areas of which they are boundaries so the foul is considered as having occurred inside the penalty area. The referee awards a penalty kick and cautions the defender (yellow card).

The referee awards a penalty kick because there is no offside offence if a player receives the ball directly from a throw-in.

The substitute is cautioned (yellow card) for entering the field without permission and the opponent is sent off (red card) for violent conduct. As the substitute’s offence occurred first, play restarts with a direct free kick to the opposing team from the position of the substitute’s interference.

The referee should wait a few seconds to allow a possible advantage to develop. However, as play has been stopped by the referee, the ball was out of play when the goal was scored so it cannot be awarded. In this case, play is restarted with a penalty kick for the handball offence and, depending on the exact situation, any appropriate disciplinary action.

The referee awards a penalty kick. The defender is not cautioned (no yellow card) because the offence which stopped a promising attack occurred inside the defender’s penalty area and was a challenge for the ball.

The referee awards a penalty kick and sends off the defender (red card for a DOGSO offence). The referee cannot apply the advantage and award the goal because the player scored in the opponents’ goal immediately after the ball had touched their hand/arm.

The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick to the attacking team. In terms of disciplinary sanction, the referee punishes the more serious offence, so it is a red card for the DOGSO offence, not a yellow card for the reckless foul.

The free kick must be retaken and the player who took the kick is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour.

The referee awards a penalty kick. The defender is sent off (red card) for DOGSO because the offence was not an attempt to play the ball or a challenge for the ball.

Players may be fairly charged by opponents if the ball is within playing distance and they do not use more force/energy than is necessary. There is no foul, so the referee allows play to continue.

The referee awards a penalty kick and cautions (yellow card, YC) the defender for the reckless challenge. There is no YC for the SPA offence because, by playing the advantage, the promising attack was continued/restored.

The referee awards an indirect free kick to the attacking team at the point where the goalkeeper handled the ball. As the handball offence occurred inside their penalty area, the goalkeeper cannot be cautioned (yellow card) for stopping a promising attack or sent off (red card) for denying the opponent an obvious goal-scoring opportunity.

The player is guilty of two offences (simulation and deliberately handling the ball when it is in play). As the offences occur so close together, the referee can award a direct free kick for the handball offence and caution (yellow card) the player for unsporting behaviour (an attempt to deceive the referee).

The referee stops play and awards the attacker’s team an indirect free kick (as there was no contact with the attacker). The defender is:

• cautioned (yellow card) if the challenge was reckless or stopped a promising attack

• sent off (red card) if the defender endangered the safety of the opponent/used excessive force or denied an obvious goal-scoring opportunity

As the red card offence occurred before the substitution, the player is sent off and the substitution is cancelled. The injured player can remain on the field of play for/after treatment. If the offence occurred when the ball was in play, play restarts with a direct free kick to Team A (or a penalty kick if it occurred in Team B's penalty area).

The referee stops play, penalises the first (holding) offence and awards a direct free kick against the attacker’s team. The sanction for the defender depends on the severity of the offence. If the defender was guilty of: 

• acting in a reckless manner – caution (yellow card) 

• violent conduct – sending-off (red card)  

The attacker may be cautioned for unsporting behaviour if the holding was considered blatant/provocative.

The referee stops play and awards an indirect free kick to Team A for impeding the progress of the opponent without contact. The offender is cautioned (yellow card) for stopping a promising attack.

The referee allows play to continue. If the ball touches another player (of any team) before the pass reaches the goalkeeper, they can handle the ball (regardless of the strength of the contact/touch).

The referee awards a penalty kick and sends off the defender. When two offences occur at the same time, the more serious offence must be punished. Therefore, it is a red card for serious foul play (not a yellow card for the DOGSO offence that was a challenge for the ball inside the penalty area).

The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick against the defender’s team because the first offence is penalised. Both players must receive the appropriate disciplinary sanction: 

• the defender is cautioned (yellow card) for the reckless challenge 

• the attacker is sent off (red card) for biting the opponent 

The referee disallows the goal (because of the offside offence) and awards a penalty kick (as the holding offence occurred before the offside offence). If the foul denied an obvious-goal scoring opportunity (DOGSO), the defender is sent off (red card, no attempt to play the ball or challenge for the ball). If it was not a DOGSO situation, the defender is cautioned (yellow card).

The referee awards a penalty kick. The second defender is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour (DOGSO offence within the defender’s penalty area which was a challenge for the ball) but there is no caution (no yellow card) for the first defender as the referee played the advantage.

The outcome of the kick is recorded (it cannot be declared missed as the kick had been taken before the offence), the player is sent off (red card) and Team B must remove one player and inform the referee of the name and number of this player.

The coach is sent off (red card) and must leave the field of play and its immediate surrounds, including the technical area.

The referee may take disciplinary action against team officials who fail to act in a responsible manner during kicks. The coach will be cautioned (yellow card) or sent off (red card) depending on the exact circumstances.

An indirect free kick is awarded to the attacking team which is taken from the nearest point on the goal area line which runs parallel to the goal line. In this case, there is no disciplinary sanction because the goalkeeper cannot be sent off (red card) for a handball offence in their own penalty area.

The player is sent off (red card) for violent conduct. Play is restarted with a dropped ball as outlined in Law 8. A free kick cannot be awarded because the player left the field of play with the referee’s permission and the offence was not committed against someone on the team lists or a match official.

The player is sent off (red card) for violent conduct. Play is restarted with an indirect free kick to the opposing team from the point on the boundary line where the player left the field of play for the offence of leaving the field of play without permission.

The player is sent off (red card) for violent conduct. Play is restarted with an indirect free kick to the opposing team from the point on the boundary line where the player left the field of play for the offence of leaving the field of play without permission.

The referee shows a yellow card and then a red card because the same person receives two cautions in the same match – one as a substitute and one as a player. The offender is sent off and must leave the vicinity of the field of play and the technical area.

The referee shows a yellow card and then a red card because the same person receives two cautions in the same match – one as a player and one as a substituted player. The offender is sent off and must leave the vicinity of the field of play and the technical area.

The referee must have the spectator removed. The player is sent off for violent conduct (red card). Play is started with the (original) corner kick.

The referee stops play and takes appropriate disciplinary action. The player receives a caution (yellow card) for each offence (entering without the referee’s permission and stopping a promising attack) and therefore is sent off (red card). Play is restarted with a direct free kick for the opposing team from the place where the player kicked the ball.

The substitute is sent off (red card), must leave the technical area and may not be replaced. The number of substitutions the team is permitted to make is not reduced.

The referee shows the substitute a second yellow card and a red card. The substitute is sent off, must leave the technical area and may not be replaced. The number of substitutions the team is permitted to make is not reduced. Play is restarted according to the previous decision (the throw-in for Team B).

The offender cannot be named on the team list or play in the match and is reported to the appropriate authority. The number of players and substitutes is not reduced. A red card is not shown as cards may not be shown until the referee enters the field of play at the start of the match.

A named substitute who is sent off, may not take part in the match and may not be replaced by another substitute. The number of substitutions the team is permitted to make is not reduced.

The referee will stop play (unless advantage is played), send off (red card, RC) the coach and restart play with a direct free kick from the position of the interference – if this is in the penalty area of the coach’s team a penalty kick is awarded.

The referee awards a penalty kick and takes appropriate disciplinary action against the goalkeeper:

• caution (yellow card) – if the offence was reckless or denied the opponent an obvious goal-scoring opportunity

• sending-off (red card) – if the goalkeeper endangered the safety of the attacker

The referee does not have to stop play and may take the disciplinary sanction when the ball next goes out of play. An initial, non-exaggerated disagreement, objection or complaint is usually accepted by the referee as a natural reaction. Clear and/or continual dissent (with words, actions or gestures) is punished with a caution (yellow card).

The referee awards an indirect free kick to the attacking team because the defender cannot touch the ball a second time after a restart until it has touched another player. The free kick will be taken:

• from the place where the offence occurred – if the second touch occurred outside the goal area

• from the nearest point on the goal area line which runs parallel to the goal line – if the second touch occurred in the goal area

The defender is sent off (red card) for a DOGSO offence.

The referee disallows the goal and awards a direct free kick to the defending team for the Law 12 physical offence which is penalised (rather than any offside offence) as it is the more serious offence.

The offender is cautioned (yellow card) for the reckless challenge even though it occurred after the ball was out of play. However, play is restarted with a throw-in for the defending team because the referee cannot award a free kick as the ball was outside the field of play at the time of the challenge.

The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick. If the referee decides that the handball offence: 

• stopped a promising attack – the goalkeeper is cautioned (yellow card) 

• denied the opposing team an obvious goal-scoring opportunity – the goalkeeper is sent off (red card) 

The coach is sent off (red card) and must leave the field of play and its immediate surrounds, including the technical area.

The referee awards a direct free kick to Team B because the attacker was fouled. At the same time, this player held the wrong part of the body, exaggerated the seriousness of the foul and feigned injury so the referee should also caution the attacker for simulation (yellow card).

It is a handball offence because the arm made the attacker's body unnaturally bigger. The referee disallows the goal and awards a direct free kick to the defending team.

If the substitute does not commit any other offence, the substitute must be cautioned (yellow card) for entering the field without the referee’s permission. Play is restarted with a free kick to Team B for the initial offence (foul).

The defender can be warned, cautioned (yellow card) or sent off (red card), depending on the severity of the push. Play is restarted with the (original) corner kick because a penalty kick cannot be awarded as the ball was not in play at the time of the offence.

The referee stops play and awards an indirect free kick to the attacking team. There is no disciplinary sanction for the goalkeeper.

The referee applies advantage for the push and awards a penalty kick for the tripping offence which occurred inside the penalty area. If the tripping offence stopped a promising attack or denied the attacker an obvious goal-scoring opportunity, the defender receives the appropriate disciplinary sanction.

The corner kick is retaken, unless the referee plays advantage (if such an opportunity arises). The defending team player is cautioned (yellow card) for failing to respect the required distance.

Accidental handball by a team-mate immediately before a goal is scored is not an offence. The referee awards the goal provided that the arm has not made the body unnaturally bigger.

Feinting to take a free kick to confuse opponents is permitted. The opposing player is cautioned (yellow card) for failing to respect the required distance.

The referee awards a penalty kick because the attacker in an offside position is fouled before any offside offence has been committed. The offender receives the appropriate disciplinary sanction.

The player is cautioned (yellow card) if the referee considers their behaviour to be delaying the restart of play. The coach is warned, however, repeated or blatant offences should result in a caution (yellow card) or sending-off (red card). Play is restarted according to the previous decision (throw-in for Team A).

The goalkeeper committed a handball offence because the point of contact between the hands and the ball was outside the penalty area (the position of the goalkeeper’s feet is irrelevant). The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick to the attacking team. The goalkeeper is sent off (red card) if the offence denied an obvious goal-scoring opportunity; if it stopped a promising attack, the goalkeeper is cautioned (yellow card).

The referee stops play and awards an indirect free kick against the midfielder’s team for impeding the progress of an opponent without contact. This offence is penalised because it occurred before the attacker's offence. Nevertheless, the attacker is cautioned (yellow card) for the reckless push.

If the first offence was by the defender in their penalty area and the ball was in play, it is a penalty kick – it does not matter where the ball was when the offence occurred as long as it was in play. The defender is sent off (red card) for violent conduct.

The player is sent off (red card) for violent conduct. Play is restarted with a direct free kick to the opposing team from the point on the boundary line nearest to where the offence occurred.

The 'initiator' of this attempt to circumvent the Law is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour. Play is restarted with an indirect free kick to the opposing team as outlined in Law 13.2 (depending on where the ball was ‘flicked’ up).

Accidental handball by a team-mate creating a goal-scoring opportunity is not a handball offence (unless it was deliberate or the hand/arm has made the body unnaturally bigger) so the referee will allow play to continue.

Accidental handball by a team-mate of the scorer is not a handball offence (unless it was deliberate or the hand/arm has made the body unnaturally bigger) so the referee will award the goal.

This behaviour is inappropriate – the Team A player is sent off (red card) for an ‘offensive, insulting or abusive action’. Play is restarted according to the previous decision (free kick).

The player is sent off (red card). Play is restarted with a dropped ball as outlined in Law 8 – a free kick cannot be awarded because this offence was not committed against someone on the team lists or a match official.

The 'initiator' of this attempt to circumvent the Law is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour. Play is restarted with an indirect free kick to the opposing team as outlined in Law 13.2 (depending on where the ball was ‘flicked’ up).

This is not a handball offence. The referee will award the goal.

It is not a handball offence as the contact is a consequence of the player deliberately playing the ball with another part of the body (against himself/herself). The referee will allow play to continue.

It is not a handball offence. The referee will allow play to continue.

It is a handball offence. The referee will award a direct free kick to the defending team as Law 12 does not allow a goal to be scored immediately after contact with the hand/arm of the scorer (even if accidental) regardless of the position of the hand/arm.

It is a handball offence. A player is considered to have made their body unnaturally bigger when the position of their arm is not a consequence of, or justifiable by, the player’s body movement for that specific situation. The referee will award a direct free kick (or penalty kick) to Team A.

The referee stops play and awards a penalty kick to Team A. The goalkeeper is sent off (red card) for violent conduct. Before the penalty kick is taken, Team B must either:

• decide which of the remaining players on the field of play will become a new goalkeeper and change their equipment accordingly

• substitute one of the remaining players with a substitute goalkeeper (if they have not already used the maximum number of permitted substitutes)

The coach is cautioned (yellow card) because their action shows a clear lack of respect for the match official.

The referee stops play because the disciplinary procedure had started and 'distracted' the offender who is unfairly out of position and unable to take part in the game. After the caution is issued, play restarts with the original free kick for Team B.

The referee awards a penalty kick. The second defender is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour (DOGSO offence within the defender’s penalty area which was an attempt to play the ball) but there is no caution (no yellow card) for the first defender as the referee played the advantage.

The penalty kick is cancelled and an indirect free kick is awarded to the defending team. The attacker is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour (simulation).

The coach of Team A is sent off (red card). Play is restarted with a dropped ball (as outlined in Law 8).  

Both the coach (Team B) and the player (Team A) must be sent off (red card). As the offences were committed when the ball was out of play, play will be restarted according to the previous decision (throw-in for Team A).

The defender is sent off (red card) for serious foul play. A penalty kick cannot be awarded because the ball was out of play at the time of the tackle. Play is restarted with a goal kick.

The referee stops play and awards a direct free kick to the opposing team for a handball offence. The player may be cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour but it is not mandatory.

The referee allows play to continue. When the goalkeeper clearly tries to kick the ball into play, this shows no intention to handle the ball, so if the ‘clearance’ attempt is unsuccessful, the goalkeeper can handle the ball.

The referee allows play to continue as the contact with the ball was the result of the player's natural movement as part of that playing situation.  

The referee awards an indirect free kick to Team B because the offside offence occurred before the foul. The referee must also take appropriate disciplinary action against the defender and caution (yellow card) the player for the reckless push.

The referee allows play to continue. It is not a handball offence – the defender is not considered to have made their body unnaturally bigger (whether or not the arm was close to the body or already extended).

The referee awards a direct free kick (or a penalty kick) to Team B where the water bottle would have struck the player. The thrown object does not need to make contact with the opponent for the substitute to be penalised. The referee takes the appropriate disciplinary action:

• reckless – caution the substitute for unsporting behaviour (yellow card)

• using excessive force – send off the substitute for violent conduct (red card)

The coach is sent off (red card) for violent conduct. If the referee stops play for this incident, play restarts with a dropped ball as outlined in Law 8. If the ball was already out of play, it is restarted according to the previous decision.

The player is shown a yellow card for the reckless challenge offence, then a red card and is sent off. The subsequent cautionable offence (dissent) should be included in the disciplinary report but a yellow card is not shown. 

The referee awards a penalty kick and cautions (yellow card) Team B player for unsporting behaviour. The offender cannot be sent off (red card) for denying a goal because a goal cannot be scored directly from a throw-in (if the player had not touched the ball and the ball had entered the goal, the goal kick would have been awarded).

The referee allows play to continue. The goalkeeper may handle the ball in their own penalty area when play is restarted with a dropped ball and the ball is in play (has already touched the ground).

Team A player must be cautioned. Public protest or disagreement (verbal and/or physical) with a decision is punishable by a yellow card regardless of whether it is directed at the referee, assistant referee or any other match official. Play is restarted according to the previous decision (throw-in for Team B).

The referee awards a direct free kick to Team B. The goalkeeper is sent off (red card) if the referee judges that the handball offence denied the opposing team a goal or an obvious goal-scoring opportunity.

The defender played in a dangerous manner and the referee awards an indirect free kick. If the referee decides that this offence denied the attacker an obvious goal-scoring opportunity, the defender is sent off (red card).

The substitute receives a caution (yellow card) for each offence (entering without the referee’s permission and showing dissent) and therefore is sent off (red card). As the offences were committed when the ball was out of play, play is restarted according to the previous decision (free kick for Team A).

Both players must be sent off (red card) for violent conduct. If the referee decides that: 

• Team A player committed the offence first – penalty kick for Team B 

• Team B player committed the offence first – direct free kick for Team A 

• the two players committed the offences at the same time – penalty kick for Team B because Team A player committed the more serious offence in terms of the restart

The referee allows play to continue. The goalkeeper was allowed to handle the ball because it was not a deliberate kick to the goalkeeper as the ball was not originally intended to go to the goalkeeper.

The referee awards a penalty kick to Team A. The sanction depends on the severity of the offence. If the defender:

• was guilty of acting in a reckless manner – caution (yellow card)

• was guilty of violent conduct – sending-off (red card)

The player is sent off (red card) for violent conduct. The assistant coach is sent off for deliberately leaving the technical area to act in a provocative manner. As the offences were committed when the ball was out of play, play will be restarted according to the previous decision (throw-in for Team A).

The referee awards a direct free kick to Team B. The goalkeeper is sent off (red card) if the referee judges that the handball denied the opposing team an obvious goal-scoring opportunity.

The referee stops play and awards a penalty kick to Team B. The defending player (Team A) must be sent off (red card).

The Team B player is cautioned (yellow card) if their action excessively delays the restart of play.

The referee awards a direct free kick to Team B. The defender is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour.

The referee awards a penalty kick. The defending team player is sent off (red card).

The player is cautioned (yellow card) for unsporting behaviour and an indirect free kick is awarded to the opposing team.

The coach is cautioned (yellow card).

The goalkeeper is considered to be in control of the ball so cannot be challenged. The referee awards a direct free kick to Team B to be taken from anywhere in the goal area. Any disciplinary sanction will depend whether the challenge was careless (no sanction/warning), reckless (caution/yellow card) or using excessive force (sending-off/red card).

A penalty kick will be awarded and the player sent off (red card, RC).

The referee awards a penalty kick for the holding offence inside the penalty area.

The goal is awarded. Although the referee played advantage there were two offences: DOGSO and 'serious foul play'.

The offending player (Team A) is sent off (red card) because the referee must punish the more serious offence (serious foul play) and for this offence playing advantage does not change the disciplinary sanction.

A player is sent off (red card) for violent conduct. Play is restarted with a direct free kick to Team B on the boundary line nearest to where the offence occurred.

The player receives a second caution (yellow card) and is sent off (red card). Play restarts with a direct free kick to the opposing team from the place where the reckless challenge was committed (dissent occurred when the ball was not in play and does not change the restart).

The player receives a caution (yellow card, YC) for each offence (entering without the referee’s permission and the reckless tackle) and therefore is sent off (red card, RC). Where two separate YC offences are committed, even in close proximity, they should result in two YCs. Play is restarted with a direct free kick (or penalty kick).

A defending team player is sent off (red card). Play is restarted according to the previous decision (corner kick) because free kicks and penalty kicks can only be awarded for offences committed when the ball is in play.

Play is stopped by the referee and restarted with a direct free kick to the opposing team on the boundary line nearest to where the offence occurred. The substitute is sent off (red card) for violent conduct.

An indirect free kick is awarded to Team A if a goalkeeper, inside their penalty area, touches the ball with the hand/arm after releasing it and before it has touched another player. There is no disciplinary sanction.

The referee stops play and awards an indirect free kick to the defending team where the offside offence occurred. The act of 'simulation' is unsporting behaviour and must be punished with a caution (yellow card) regardless of whether it is successful or not, or if play is stopped for another reason.

The referee stops play, shows the player (Team A) a second yellow card and a red card. Play is restarted with an indirect free kick to Team B where the player (Team A) became involved in play/interfered with an opponent.

The referee must warn any player holding an opponent before the ball is in play and caution the offending player (yellow card) if the holding continues. A penalty kick cannot be awarded because the ball is not in play.

Play is restarted with a direct free kick to Team B on the boundary line nearest to where the offence occurred (or a penalty kick if this is within the offender’s penalty area).

Play is stopped and restarted with a direct free kick (or a penalty kick) where the additional ball struck the match ball. The substitute is cautioned (yellow card).

The assistant coach is cautioned and shown the yellow card.

No, the referee allows play to continue because the ball was not deliberately kicked to the goalkeeper by a team-mate.

The goalkeeper is not permitted to handle the ball – an indirect free kick is awarded to the opposing team but there is no disciplinary sanction.

Both players must receive the appropriate disciplinary sanction:

• caution (yellow card) for a reckless challenge

• sending-off (red card) for violent conduct

Play is restarted with a direct free kick for Team A because the player from Team B committed the more serious offence.

The coach is:

• warned for occasionally leaving the technical area without committing another offence

• cautioned (yellow card) for clearly/persistently not respecting the confines of the technical area

• sent off (red card) for deliberately leaving the technical area to show dissent towards a match official or act in a provocative manner

The player (Team A) must be cautioned (yellow card, YC) when play next stops. The Laws state that the referee punishes the more serious offence when more than one offence occurs at the same time. Thus, if a promising attack is stopped (SPA) by a reckless challenge then the YC is for the reckless challenge and not SPA.

If the coach enters the opposing technical area:

• in an aggressive or confrontational manner – the coach is sent off (red card)

• in a non-confrontational manner – the coach is cautioned (yellow card).

Play is restarted with a dropped ball.

The player (Team A) receives the YC for showing dissent from the referee’s decision. As this offence occurs when the ball is not in play, the restart cannot be changed so play is restarted with the direct free kick for Team A.

This is not a handball offence. For the purposes of determining handball offences, the boundary between the shoulder and the arm is defined as the bottom of the armpit.

According to the definition in the Glossary, a holding offence occurs only when a player’s contact with an opponent’s body or equipment impedes the opponent’s movement.

An indirect free kick is awarded to the opposing team. If the goalkeeper deliberately plays the ball a second time at a restart and denies an obvious goal-scoring opportunity, the goalkeeper must be sent off (red card, RC) even if the touch is with the hand/arm.

It is a dropped ball. A free kick can only be given if such an offence is committed by a player against an opposing player or a match official.

A direct free kick is awarded to the opposing team. If the offence occurred inside the offender's penalty area – it is a penalty kick.

Play is restarted with a direct free kick where the interference occurred. The player receives two cautions (yellow cards) – one for illegally entering the field of play and the second for stopping a promising attack – and then is sent off (red card).

The referee must award a penalty kick.

The offending player is sent off (red card, RC).

It is a penalty kick and the goalkeeper is sent off (red card, RC) for denying the opposing team a goal.

A substitute who excessively shows the TV signal or enters the referee review area will be cautioned (yellow card, YC).

In Law 12 ‘attempts to kick’ and ‘attempts to strike’ are offences – so attempted offences should be punished. Just because a player avoids an opponent’s punch or violent kick it does not mean that the offence is any less serious. Attempted violence must be punished as a sending-off (red card, RC) offence.

The YC remains even if the goal is disallowed.

Play is restarted with a direct free kick (or penalty kick) where the object interfered with play or struck or would have struck the opponent, match official or the ball. The substitute should be cautioned (yellow card, YC) or sent off (red card, RC) depending on the severity of the offence.

The player must be cautioned (yellow card, YC) for unsporting behaviour whether or not the attempt is successful.

After the referee has reviewed the replay footage, the penalty kick is cancelled and an indirect free kick is awarded to the defending team. The attacking player who was guilty of simulation must be cautioned (yellow card, YC) for unsporting behaviour.

Yes, but only a team-mate. A goalkeeper cannot be challenged by an opponent when in control of the ball with the hand(s). The sanction depends on whether the challenge is careless, reckless or excessive force.

An indirect free kick is taken by the opposing team from the place where the offence occurred.

If the action was reckless the referee will caution the offender for unsporting behaviour (yellow card, YC).

If the player used excessive force the referee will send off the offender for violent conduct (red card, RC).

The offender will be sent off (RC). The referee will award an indirect free kick to the opposing team where the offence occurred (i.e. where the offender was standing). All verbal offences are penalised with an indirect free kick.

If the referee decides that it was not a simulation, the YC is cancelled and the penalty kick is awarded; if appropriate, the defender who committed the foul is shown the YC or RC.

The referee must caution (yellow card) the player if their action excessively delays the restart of play.

A player is guilty of violent conduct and will be sent off (red card, RC) even if the attempt is unsuccessful. Contact is not a requirement for the offence to be penalised and the player sanctioned.

The coach is cautioned (yellow card, YC) for delaying the restart of play by their own team. The coach is sent off (red card, RC) for delaying the restart of play by the opposing team e.g. holding onto the ball, kicking the ball away, obstructing the movement of a player.

Deliberately throwing or kicking an object onto the field of play is punished with a sending-off (red card, RC). The senior coach (usually the main coach) present in the technical area will receive the sanction – as the person responsible for other team officials.

The attacking player is penalised with an indirect free kick for preventing the goalkeeper from releasing or attempting to release the ball into play. This is not a mandatory cautionable (yellow card, YC) offence.

If this action occurs when the ball is in play the referee will penalise the player with an indirect free kick and a caution (yellow card, YC).

A goalkeeper cannot be challenged by an opponent when in control of the ball with the hand(s). Play restarts with an indirect free kick (no contact) or a direct free kick (contact) – the offence is a caution (yellow card, YC) if it stops a promising attack or the challenge is reckless.

Both players must be sent off (red card, RC) for violent conduct. Physical offences against a team-mate inside the field of play are penalised by a direct free kick or a penalty kick (if committed within the offenders’ penalty area).

The player will be shown a yellow card, then the second yellow card and – as a result – the red card and sent off unless the first offence was 'interfering with or stopping a promising attack' in which case this offence does not receive a yellow card (as the advantage effectively restored the promising attack).

The referee may only allow a quick free kick if it creates a very good chance to score and the disciplinary procedure has not been started. The player is given the second YC and the RC the next time play stops unless he/she gets involved with play in which case the referee stops play at once, issues the second YC, sends the player off and restarts with an indirect free kick.

However, if the second offence was stopping a promising attack the yellow card is no longer applicable (as the quick free kick has effectively 'restored' the 'lost' promising attack).